Polylactic acid (PLA)

Semi-crystalline commodity biopolymer from renewable feedstock; the easiest filament to FDM-print — stiff but brittle, and softens near its low Tg, so not for hot or load-bearing service.

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PropertyValueSourceMethodConditionsNote
Density1.24 g/cm³Farah, Anderson & Langer, Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev. 107 (2016) 367–392 — comprehensive PLA property review23 °C, dry1.21–1.43 across grades
Young's modulus E3.5 GPaFarah, Anderson & Langer, Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev. 107 (2016) 367–392 — comprehensive PLA property review23 °C, dry2.7–4.1 typical range
Tensile strength50 MPaFarah, Anderson & Langer, Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev. 107 (2016) 367–392 — comprehensive PLA property review23 °C, drymolded; wide grade scatter
Glass transition Tg58 °CFarah, Anderson & Langer, Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev. 107 (2016) 367–392 — comprehensive PLA property reviewDSC23 °C, dry55–60 typical
Melting point Tm160 °CMakeItFrom.com materials database — typical grade valuesDSC23 °C, drysemi-crystalline (PLLA) grades; slow-crystallizing / high-D grades stay largely amorphous

See where Polylactic acid fits in a real product, and what it competes with:

  • Farah, Anderson & Langer, Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev. 107 (2016) 367–392 — comprehensive PLA property review
  • MakeItFrom.com materials database — typical grade values

Typical room-temperature values for learning and preliminary design; grades vary. Always confirm against the supplier datasheet before design work. Data policy: docs/DATA-SOURCES.md in the repository.